How to install Docker on Debian 11

This article shows you how to install Docker on Debian 11.


Kalle Tolonen
Aug. 29, 2022


Requirements

  1. Debian 11

Update, add apps, keys & do the installation

First you should run updates, upgrades and install the apps required in the documentation.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

After that’s done, you can start installing the apps required for the rest of the process. You need to do this because Docker isn’t on the stock Debian apt-repository. The thing you’re doing is basicly saying that you trust Docker and you are willing to install software from the vendor’s own repository.

sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

Then it’s time to add GPG keys and set up the repository.

sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

The last thing to do is the installation & verification.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
sudo service restart docker
sudo docker run hello-world

The proof is in the pudding, after these steps Docker was installed and working!

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

Troubleshooting

At first I had some trouble and ran into an error.

docker: Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?. See 'docker run --help'.

That told me that maybe the daemon wasn’t running, and I restarted it with:

sudo restart docker

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